Importance Of Ethics In Different Fields - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1992 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/08/07 Category Business Essay Level High school Tags: Business Ethics Essay Did you like this example? Computer Ethics The field of ethics (or moral philosophy) is the systematization, defense and approval of ideas of appropriate and inappropriate actions. Nowadays, thinkers usually divide ethical ideas into three general matters: metaethics, normative ethics and ethics. Metaethics investigates the historical roots and understanding of our moral principles. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Importance Of Ethics In Different Fields" essay for you Create order Are they social inventions alone? Does it involve more than expressions of our emotions? Metaethical responses to these questions deal with the issues of universal truths, Gods will, the role of reason in ethical and moral decisions, and the meaning of ethical terms. Normative ethics suggests a more realistic task of achieving moral values that regulate positive and negative conduct. This may involve outlining the healthy habits we should develop, the practices we should undertake, or the impacts of our conduct on everyone else. By using the philosophical methods of metaethics and regulatory ethics, dialogues in applied ethics attempt to fix these sensitive issues. The differences between metaethics, regulatory ethics and applied ethics are often blurred. For example, the issue of abortion is an ethical dilemma because it involves a certain sort of controversial conduct. But It often hinges on more general normative values, such as the right to self-government and the right to libert y. If you think that ethics is all about living a more moral and principled life, you have to practice it everywhere, even in the computer field, where you would sooner or later face a software piracy dilemma. When we speak of computer ethics, software piracy reflects pornography, spamming, unauthorized access to someone elses computer and first and foremost hacking in our minds. What then is computer ethics? As with the moral code of conduct in routine matters, computer ethics relates to the behavior of computer professionals and ordinary computer users in computers and the Internet. Computer ethics, also known as the ethics of information technology, addresses the moral and ethical application of computer applications, software and data storage. Computer ethics is becoming increasingly important because of the increasing number of cybercrime issues, including software piracy, unauthorized access, pornography, spamming, target marketing and hacking. The wide scale stature and use of th e World wide web raises a series of challenges such as cybercrime and safety. Some of the prominent advantages of malware, spyware, freeware and web browser cookies are web applications that stimulate discussion of the significance of ethical behavior in advanced technology. Even though incidents of intentionally malicious acts of immoral computer behavior are certainly not lacking, the majority of ethical shortcomings are simply due to the lack of user safety and the lack of organization stature. There are different types of issues in Computer Ethics, the most notable ones are listed below. TYPES OF ISSUES IN COMPUTER ETHICS: Computer Crime: Computer crime is an intellectual crime of white collar. Those who commit these crimes must be sufficiently intelligent to manipulate and access a computer system. An example of computer crime is the use of computers to steal money. The worst thing a thief can do is often that he / she only has the money he / she has stolen. This person is often fired if he / she is an employee, but his / her ability allows a competitor to hire him / her quickly. This makes it almost impossible to prevent computer robbery, as legal action is not often taken against the perpetrator. Another example is unauthorized access to your computer. The perpetrator can steal a companys trade secrets and data by entering an unauthorized computer. Such a crime could be committed by a worker who wants to sell these secrets to a competitor in order to promote his or her own well- being. This offence involves an invasion of property and confidentiality and also impacts the system itself. This crime is part of the pur pose of hacking. Hacking is defined as any computer activity that is not sanctioned or approved by a system or network owner.   Such an activity addresses the ethical dilemma of who possesses information and who should have access to it. Computer science lecturers at many universities have their students demonstrate their serious computer skills in the university system. This creates a serious dilemma for ethics. Since students arent really destructive to the system, can this measure be denounced or acknowledged ethically? Many computer professionals believe that this act is not investigated ethically and that computer science teachers must tackle computer ethics more fervently in their classes. Privacy Another field of computer ethics concerns privacy. The issue of privacy focuses on the most basic functions of the computer, its ability to store, organize and exchange records. A great deal of concern is the amount of information collected by computers. This puts personal information about individuals in a vulnerable position. All this information is available to him or her if someone accesses into a computer system. In this way, offences such as identity theft can occur. In addition, the effect of a minor error can be doubled if stored information can be easily swapped. Such errors can remain indefinitely in the system. Computers are responsible for creating the possibility that incidents in ones life or errors in ones records will deeply affect ones perception and treatment. This effervescence appears to have lost people control over their lives and information about them. Computer- based records do seem to have both good and bad consequences. One good consequence is that the requirement for information of an organization suggests that access to relevant information could improve decision- making and therefore make organizations more useful. This, in turn, gives the individual a positive outcome because better services or savings could be achieved. There are still bad consequences, however. These refer to the fact that Information is used to make individual decisions and such decisions may be based on information that is irrelevant and incorrect. There is no way to ensure that this access to information makes fair use of the authority exercised by organizations. The need for information from an organization and the interests of the individual should therefore be balanced. Ethical responsibility of IT pros Yet another source of concern is the understanding of computer systems by professionals in the computer profession. Computer specialists can act in one of two ways: if it is unknown, assume that case in the public domain until evidence is found that it is not; or suspect that, unless undisclosed or uncertain, information is confidential. It is beneficial for a professional to adopt the second rule because it allows the professional to protect himself against ethical inconsistencies, while the first allows for a greater chance of moral breach. There are numerous reasons why computer professionals complain about this distribution of power. Firstly, growing responsibility on the shoulders of some often tends to lead to the exploitation of others, and this is an ethical dilemma. Computer professionals should be required to use the info they have access to carefully, but some have chosen to use this information recklessly at the cost of others. A professional computers real strength is al so a threat because it is properly centralized. Computers actually allow large amounts of information, as explained above, to be stored in a small area. This centralization was rightly concerned because people argued that there is a constant battle between government and citizens in a free democracy, so that the control and input of citizens can become less and less efficient as law enforcement agencies become more and more strong. Some people fear that their privacy will be compromised if the government has too much influence and power. Those who dont want to see computers in government, but in peoples hands, oppose centralization. This idea of centralization corresponds to the idea that technology helps to distance itself. Alienation is linked to the loss of control in the world you live in. This is clear because computers have taken over jobs that once belonged to people thanks to advances in modern technology. This technology has shifted from computer professionals to the thinki ng of ethical decisions of the business world. IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER ETHICS Prevents Misuse of Personal Information: Computers, whether individuals or professionals, brought the world closer. Most of us find buying more easy than leaving online. We must provide our personal information, such as name, date of birth and, most importantly, credit card information! If you know that people do not obey computer ethics everywhere, would you feel secure to share all this information? You know that your personal information is not misused in accordance with cyber laws and regulations and computer principles. Prevents Theft of Intellectual Property What does intellectual property actually mean? Well, unlike physical property like home or car, intellectual property refers to the property that the mind creates! The Internet has multiple intellectual properties, such as works by researchers, editors, artists, and so on. Without it, the work produced by the intellect of one individual can easily be copied and used by another. Globalization: Today, computer and technology ethics are rapidly transforming into a wider social and more important profession, which may reasonably be called global information ethics. Social Media and the world – the wide web connects people around the globe. Attempts to establish common ethical standards and attempts have been made to help develop mutually acceptable ethical standards and efforts to encourage and protect moral principles in a truly international sense. Global Cyber business: The world is very close to having technology that can provide electronic privacy and security on the internet. The technology will be sufficient to safely conduct international business transactions. Once it is in place, there will be a rapid growth of cyber business all over the world. Nations who already have a technological infrastructure will enjoy rapid economic growth, leaving everyone behind in the process. Keeps you from being Unethical: You dont have to use computer ethics to prove to the world. However, by adopting this ethics you would know what to do to be a responsible user and avoid unethical issues. Are you disturbed? Well, yes, there are several laws that can put you behind bars if you breach each websites privacy policy and requirements. Computer ethics cannot be imposed on you, your own will and desire must be fulfilled. You and your ethical values talk a lot about how to use your computer to access information. What would you do if you had the password of your friend? Would you ask him or her to change it because you discovered it mistakenly, or would you try to get some information you shouldnt? There are two different types of people in this world, one who follows the rules and respects them, and the others who dont really care. Should you be concerned about ethics to be a responsible citizen? Youre choosing it! However, if you are actually caught, be assured that the authorities wont care about you as well! In the end it can be said that following ethics is important in every field, be it technology or anything else because it provides certain safety measures, its protects people from being used for certain purposes, it helps build relationship between different members of the society. Moreover, it creates a sense of awareness that what is right and what is wrong. In today’s world, the use of technology has increased and people have started using technology to hurt people around them or to bring them down or to make them feel inferior. It’s better to use the resources available to us for a better purpose rather than misusing it and creating chaos in the society. If we make better use of the things available to us, we can all progress well and achieve heights in life that we never imagined. Sometimes we have to think from different perspective, use our imagination and make efforts to achieve something real in life. If we follow computer ethics, we can protect our privacy as well the privacy of others and keep the globe safe from un expected global internet issues.

Analysis Of The Book The State Of Israel Rich

Summary and Analysis of the Mazie Book The state of Israel—rich in tradition and innovation, has in its short existence been one of the most politically interesting phenomenons in the modern world. The state, since the signing of the Declaration of Establishment in 1948 has created a specific form of democracy not seen among many countries throughout the world; democracy which incorporates religious law as well as judicial and social law. Within Israel’s Higher Law, written by Steven V. Mazie, religion and liberal democracy are discussed in regards to the Jewish State. Mazie focuses on the struggle between liberal democracy and religion, and how both affect the two types of people living in Israel—Arabs and Jews. Both groups of Israelis†¦show more content†¦Separation of church and state is essential in creating a liberal state. Within a liberal state, religion should be expressed and practiced in a private setting. This idea of separation of church and state emerges from the beginning of th e United States. Thomas Jefferson coined the term a â€Å"wall of separation†, which defines the relationship between religion and government. Although many problems arise out of government and church intertwinement, strict separation is not the most practical answer in today’s world. States that show toleration for the vast majority of religious views while still focusing on the main religion are more likely to work within a democratic and liberal spectrum than those who demonstrate strict separation. Chapter 1 begins with, â€Å"One of the most familiar ideas of contemporary liberal thought is the State and Church must remain separate† (Mazie 3). This idea which Mazie expresses is commonly seen as the best way to secure religious freedom. Mazie uses arguments by John Locke to better express the idea of religious freedom within a state. In John Locke’s â€Å"Letter Concerning Toleration† he claims the attempt by government to oppress religion has caused many of the wars in the Christian world. Toleration, seen as the main ingredient in John Locke’s proposal, is also Mazie’s key to social harmony and stability. Mazie designates chapter two for the discussion of Israel as

Critique Of The Presidential Leadership Models To American Presidents

Question: Discuss the critique of the Presidential Leadership Model. Answer: The presidential leadership involves a complex responsibility of leading the nation by establishing opportunities to move in new directions and leading others in turbulent time. In this regard, extraordinary leadership skills are necessary to enhance the ability of the president face divisive governments and partisan polarization. To meet the institutional, political and personal capacities, Paul Quirk posits three different presidential leadership models that foster success. The models provide perspectives that can be utilized to understand leadership in the modern presidency better as well as evaluating the performance of a selected individual president. Critique of the Presidential Leadership Models The models of presidential leadership are based on applying the individual competence in executing the roles and responsibility held upon by the presidents position. The first model includes the self-reliant presidency which is based on implementing a personal approach to addressing the issue of governing the people. Unlike other leadership models, the autonomous model ensures the individual president bear a significant share of responsibility in addressing problems and challenges facing the country. The model requires the president to have sufficient knowledge, literacy and education necessary to manage the resources or handle challenges wisely. The role promotes the chances of the president playing the greater role in the achievement of goals and creating opportunities for new directions[1]. The second model involves the minimalist presidency. According to research, the model requires the president to have little or no understanding of selected issues rather depend on subordinates to address such problems. According to the model, the president has a more limited role as a facilitator of change. The model appears ineffective in ensuring the president plays the role of addressing challenges or providing directions and support to achieve national policy rather makes the presidency a passive role. However, the model promotes the distribution of power to the subordinates compared to the self-reliant presidency model[2]. The third model involves the strategic competence model where the president had less knowledge about the operations but expected to make appropriate choices on addressing various situations. In this model, the president acts as both a facilitator of change as well as providing coherence, direction and support critical to handle multiple national goals. The model appears useful in articulating both the self-reliant and minimalist presidency models to promote effective outcomes. The models strong areas include the presidents ability to make choices despite having subordinates to handle other matters. It also serves as the most efficient model compared to the others[3]. Application of the Models to American Presidents Various American leaders exhibited the models described above during their reign. For example in the self-reliant model, President Franklin Roosevelt serves as the best example of the model. The president is recognized for his dedication in addressing challenges facing the citizens and was highly regarded. Roosevelt was an effective leader, self-confident and was committed to the public service. Besides, he possessed the required skills, appetite for knowledge and had a clear vision for the country. All the qualities and way of leadership fits the self-reliant model. The second model of minimalist presidency applies to President Ronald Reagan as the model transformed the US economy. Reagan understood the leaders role in preparing and protecting a model that appealed to most Americans up-to-date. He connected with the citizens by providing minimal powers as a president but rather empowering the subordinates ensuring equality[4]. The third model of strategic competence relates to different leaders such as Kennedy. His approach to leadership was influenced by his vision, decision-making styles and delegation of duties. For example, the president was engaged in foreign affairs and conceived a greater role as well as cooperating with others on administration. Conclusively, the leadership model adopted by any President has impacts on his performance as well as how he relates to the people. As witnessed in all the American Presidents, each has a unique model which also determined the progress of the country such as President Reagans model. References Edwards, George. Presidential Leadership: Politics and Policy Making. Stamford: Cengage Learning, 2014 Gaval, Kathleen Donahue. "Presidential Transitions: Presidents' Perspectives on Building the Senior Leadership Team." Order No. 3357490, University of Pennsylvania, 2009, https://search.proquest.com/docview/304984445?accountid=45049 (accessed June 16, 2016). Hald-Mortensen, Christian. "John F. Kennedy-Leadership Qualities That Moved A Nation." PhD diss., University of Pittsburgh, 2007. Nelson, Michael. The Presidency and the Political System, tenth edition. CQ Press, 2013. ISBN: 978-1452240435

Celcom Background free essay sample

This problem usually occurs during a festivals month and also when there is a celebration. However, it is disappointing when Celcom telecommunication network facing this problem, they could not handle it properly. It had been revealed that Celcom has already noticed that the phone lines was down earlier in the morning but they still did not making any actions to solve this problem. This interruption had caused a sudden overloading and also loss of signal in some areas. It has been a daily issues for many of the mobile users regarding these sudden dropped calls. It may be a normal experience if it does not occur often. However, it had caused dissatisfactions and frustrated many of mobile phone users as this problems keep on happens without any actions taken by the Celcom Company. This problem is surely do not meet the company standard of quality of service and it will also make the users feels unhappy as they do not meet the company standard of quality of service and it will also make the users feels unhappy as they are receiving services which is not suitable with what they had being paid for. We will write a custom essay sample on Celcom Background or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As the compensations to the customers, Celcom show its appreciation by giving out some form of discount for customers who are experiencing sudden dropped call.